Adherence to a healthy lifestyle and its association with cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Shanghai

There is a growing body of recent literature linking the association of specific or multiple lifestyles with cognitive impairment, but most of these studies have been conducted in Western populations, and it is necessary to study multiple lifestyles and cognitive abilities in different populations. A paper published in the Frontiers in Public Health investigated adherence to a healthy lifestyle and its association with cognitive impairment in a group of 2,390 community-dwelling older adults in Shanghai, China.
The participant’s cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). A healthy lifestyle score was defined based on being non-smoking, performing ≥210 min/wk moderate/vigorous-intensity physical activity, having light to moderate alcohol consumption, eating vegetables and fruits daily, having a body mass index (BMI) of 18.5-23.9 kg/m2, and having a waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) <0.90 for men and <0.85 for women, for an overall score ranging from 0 to 6.
Compared with participants with ≤2 healthy lifestyle factors, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for participants with 4, 5, and 6 healthy lifestyle factors were 0.53 (95% CI, 0.29-0.98), 0.40 (95% CI, 0.21-0.75), and 0.36 (95% CI, 0.16-0.79), respectively. Only WHR (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.37-0.78) and physical activity (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.51-0.92) were associated with cognitive impairment. A healthy lifestyle correlated with overall cognition (β = 0.066, orientation (β = 0.049), language ability (β = 0.060), delayed recall (β = 0.045) and executive function (β = 0.044).
The study provides evidence on an inverse association between healthy lifestyles and cognitive impairment. Researchers investigated whether healthy lifestyle was related to specific cognitive functions to provide a theoretical basis for accurate clinical prescription.
Source: Qi Y, Zhang Z, Fu X, Han P, Xu W, Cao L, Guo Q. Adherence to a healthy lifestyle and its association with cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Shanghai. Front Public Health. 2023 Dec 18;11:1291458.