Impact of smoking and alcohol drinking on the prognosis of 721 nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A team of researchers examined the correlation between smoking, alcohol drinking, and the prognosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC).
Clinical data from 721 NPC cases treated at the Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan, China between January 2005 and December 2010 were collected. Information on smoking and drinking, including duration, daily quantity, and cumulative amount, was recorded and graded according to WHO standards.
Statistical analysis was performed to assess the influence of smoking and alcohol drinking on NPC patient prognosis. After controlling for confounding factors, survival analysis compared the 5-year Progression-Free Survival rate (PFS) and Overall Survival rate (OS) among patients with varying degrees of smoking and drinking. The association between smoking, drinking, cumulative amount, and NPC patient prognosis was evaluated.
Analysis of PFS and OS differences in NPC patients considered smoking status, smoking duration, daily smoking quantity, and cumulative smoking amount. No significant influence of smoking on NPC patient PFS and OS within 5-years was observed. Non-drinkers with NPC exhibited higher 5-year PFS and OS rates compared to drinkers. Furthermore, non-drinkers and those with a drinking duration of less than 120 months or between 120-240 months showed higher 5-year PFS and OS rates than individuals with a drinking duration exceeding 240 months. Similarly, non-drinkers and individuals consuming less than 50 g/day had higher 5-year PFS and OS rates compared to those consuming 50-100 g/day or more than 100 g/day. Additionally, the 5-year PFS and OS rates were higher in the non-drinking and light drinking groups compared to the moderate and heavy drinking groups (p < 0.05). A partial synergistic effect between smoking and alcohol drinking was observed in NPC. Alcohol drinking emerged as an independent prognostic factor for NPC.
Alcohol drinking is a significant factor influencing the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with the adverse effects further amplified when combined with smoking.
Source: Ling Tian, Min Zhao, Qing Yang, Xiaojiang Li, Yun Chen, Wu Xifang, Yan-Xin Ren, Impact of smoking and alcohol drinking on the prognosis of 721 nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 91, Issue 2, 2025, 101534, ISSN 1808-8694.