Alcohol consumption and the risk of mortality and myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Many studies have found that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower risks of mortality and myocardial infarction (MI). Researchers examined the potential effects of alcohol on all-cause mortality and MI in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a risk factor condition.
A cohort study (1995-2017) was conducted using medical records of RA patients from The Health Improvement Network in the United Kingdom (UK). Alcohol exposure was divided into non-drinkers, mild (1-7 UK units/week), moderate (8-14 UK units/week), moderate-high (15-21 UK units/week), and high (>21 UK units/week) consumption levels. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for the relation of alcohol consumption to all-cause mortality and MI.
Of 30,320 RA patients, 5,994 deaths and 1,098 MI cases occurred over 236,188 person-years. Mild-to-moderate alcohol use was associated with lower all-cause mortality in RA patients, including those taking methotrexate. The multivariable HRs (95% CI) for mortality by alcohol use category were non-drinkers 1.0, mild 0.80 (0.75-0.85), moderate 0.74 (0.67-0.82), moderate-high 0.84 (0.72-0.98), and high 0.99 (0.86-1.15). Mild, moderate-high, and high levels of alcohol use were associated with lower risk of MI among RA patients. The HRs MI risk by alcohol use category were non-drinkers 1.0, mild 0.81 (0.70-0.94), moderate 0.84 (0.68-1.04), moderate-high 0.51 (0.35-0.74), and high 0.59 (0.42-0.84).
These findings suggest that mild-to-moderate alcohol use is associated with a lower mortality risk and overall alcohol use is associated with a lower MI risk in RA patients, similar to the general population.
Source: Smith ID, Lu N, Wei J, Zhang Y, Choi HK, Bolster MB. Alcohol consumption and the risk of mortality and myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2022 Sep;40(9):1754-1761. doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/8snr4x.